![]() Transistor Q 2 acts like an inverter, which inverts the output of transistor Q 1 and hence the circuit operates like a NAND gate. ![]() In the circuit diagram resistance R 1 and transistor Q 1 act like a 2-input AND gate. Now let us have a look on the circuit operation. Protecting diodes connected in multiple-emitter transistor protect the transistor from damage due to excessive input voltages. ![]() Other special feature of this circuit is totem-pole arrangement made by transistors Q 3 and Q 4 on the output side of the circuit. Up to eight emitters can be used in a multiple-emitter input transistor for an eight-input NAND gate. It can be seen that transistor Q 1 has two emitters so it has two emitter-base junctions which can be used to turn transistor Q 1 on. The basic Transistor Transistor Logic circuit is the NAND gate.
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